Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to sustain the body's needs. CHF can be caused by diseases that weaken and/or stiffen the heart muscles or diseases that increases the oxygen demand in which the heart cannot deliver. As the heart's blood pumping is diminished or lost other parts of the body are affected. These organs do not receive enough blood and oxygen and therefore reduces their ability to function. The liver, the lungs, the gastrointestinal track and extremities may also become backed up with blood as the heart does not pump fast enough. Eventually congestive heart failure will affect every organ in the body unless it is treated.

Congestive heart failure is caused by coronary artery disease (narrowed arteries and heart attack), hypertension (high blood pressure), alcohol abuse, valvular heart disease, lung disease, congenital heart disease and other disorders of the heart valves. CHF is more common with the elderly and there is also an increased risk of people who are overweight, diabetic, abuse alcohol or use certain legal or illegal drugs.

The symptoms of congestive heart failure will usually be different depending on the part of the heart and organ systems affected. Common CHF symptoms can be fatigue, swelling of the ankles and legs or abdomen, shortness of breath caused by fluid in the lungs, and reduced capacity to exercise. Other symptoms may be nausea, abdominal pain, increased urination, decreased appetite and finding it difficult to lie on your back because of lack of air.

Congestive heart failure should be treated immediately. The treatments may include lifestyle changes, medications, addressing potentially reversible factors (including other diseases and physical conditions like high blood pressure) heart transplant and assistive devices and therapies. In all cases modifications to lifestyle is extremely important. Please consult your physician for your particular situation. Reducing salt and fluid intake is recommended because of potential fluid buildup in the body. Measuring body weight frequently can help monitor the appropriate fluid balance. Depending on the situation aerobic exercise may also be encouraged by a physician to help maintain body functioning and quality of life.

Source: MedicineNet.com

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